Unlike petroleum-based bitumen, these renewable materials are derived from sustainably managed resources that absorb carbon dioxide during growth. Using nature-based binders can help lower greenhouse gas emissions, decrease reliance on fossil fuels, and minimize the release of toxic pollutants. Additionally, they can promote circular economy practices by utilizing locally sourced, renewable feedstocks.

Pine biomass can be widely available, especially in regions like New Zealand where pine forests are abundant. By sourcing pine from sustainably managed forests, the supply can meet the demands of large-scale infrastructure projects. Utilizing locally available pine biomass not only could create a steady supply but also support local economies. In New Zealand for example, bitumen is exported into the country, pine however is an abundant local resource, this could reduce transportation emissions, contributing to more resilient and sustainable supply chains.

Adopting nature-based alternatives like pine biomass requires overcoming several challenges. These include ensuring the new materials meet strict performance and durability standards, scaling up production processes, and establishing reliable supply chains. Regulatory approvals and industry acceptance are also necessary, as well as ongoing research to validate the long-term benefits and lifecycle impacts. Collaboration between industry, government, and research institutions is key to addressing these challenges and accelerating adoption.

While some pine biomass, such as powdered lignin and tall oil extracts, have seen increasing industry use as lower carbon partial replacements for bitumen, they typically still require the use of bitumen as a base material.  Recent research by WSP on 100% pine-based binders have demonstrated in laboratory testing its potential as a complete alternative binder for road construction. While large-scale commercial adoption is still in development, successful trials and prototypes indicate that pine-based binders can meet performance requirements for road surfaces. Continued innovation and testing are paving the way for wider use of pine biomass in infrastructure projects around the world.